The LANAP protocol is based on laser physics and the distinct relationship between the tissue in the mouth and the variable pulsed wavelength of the PerioLase MVP-7 1064 Nd:YAG dental laser. Though the 1064 wavelength can pass through water and hydroxyapatite, it is absorbed in melanin and hemoglobin. In effect, this wavelength targets diseased tissue without harming healthy tissue. It also kills bacteria by penetrating 4mm beyond the tissue surface. After cleaning the area, the laser will interact with the hemoglobin to form a stable fibrin clot.
At the start of the procedure, the dentist will use a periodontal probe to look for any excessive pocket depth. They will then use laser radiation to remove any bacteria, diseased tissue, pathologic proteins, and tartar. Any root surface accretions will be removed with an ultrasonic scaler and special hand instruments. Bone is modified, and the laser will create a gel-clot containing stem cells from bone and PDL. Reté ridges are reattached to clean the root surface, and a stable fibrin clot will form a closed system at the gingival crest. The dentist will adjust the occlusal trauma, allowing the new attachment to regenerate.